![]() ![]() By extending the line to the circumference of the circle, the angle (in degrees) can be found. ![]() Since the plot is the polar representation of the reflection coefficient, if a line is drawn from the load impedance point to the center of the chart this would be considered the magnitude of the reflection coefficient. The degrees scale can be used to find the angle of the complex reflection coefficient. Along the circumference of the chart, there are two scales: wavelength and degrees. With this information in mind, it is apparent that a matched load condition would result in traveling to the center of the chart (where Z L=Z o). For a load impedance to be plotted on the chart, it must be normalized (divided by) the characteristic impedance of the system (Z o) which is the center of the chart. The Smith Chart can be used as an admittance or impedance chart or both. As with any complex plane, the vertical axis is the imaginary and the horizontal axis the real. The Smith Chart is a unit circle (radius of one) plotted on the complex plane of the voltage reflection coefficient (ᴦ – gamma). Although paper Smith Charts are outdated, RF equipment such as Network Analyzers display information using the chart as well. There are many specific uses for a Smith Chart, but it is most commonly used to visually represent impedance matching problems. The Smith Chart, named after laboratories engineer Phillip Smith, is a graphical tool for solving RF transmission line problems. ![]()
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